Section 5 — Piping

IPE-EP-5-3-1

IPE Engineering Practice IPE-EP-5-3-1

Document number: IPE-EP-5-3-1 · Section: 5 — Piping

CoInafsletcatilo nA Prouinbta E nEgningeeirninege Prriancgtic Pesractices Valve Design and Selection Criteria STANDARDS AND PUBLICATIONS (CONTINUED) EP 5–3–23 Valve Packing EP 5–3–24 Valve Inspection and Testing EP 5–5–1 Piping Fabrication EP 5–6–2 Piping for Rotating Equipment EP 10–2–1 Material Requirements for Aggressive Environmental Services EP 10–2–2 Supplemental Requirements for Metallic Materials EP 11–2–2 Fire Protection Shields for Wafer Valves EP 12–1–1 Control Systems ASME Codes Sec I Power Boilers Sec VIII Pressure Vessels, Division 1 Sec VIII Pressure Vessels, Alternative Rules, Division 2 B31.3 Process Piping ASME/ANSI Standards B16.5 Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings B16.34 Valves – Fanged, Threaded, and Welding End B16.15 Cast Bronze Threaded Fittings B16.42 Ductile Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings B16.47 Large Diameter Steel Flanges (NPS 26 through NPS 60) ANSI Standards B16.11 Forged Steel Fittings, Socket–Welding and Threaded API Publications RP 591 User Acceptance of Refinery Valves Std 526 Flanged Steel Pressure Relief Valves Std 594 Check Valves: Wafer, Water–Lug, and Double Flanged Type Std 598 Valve Inspection and Testing Std 599 Metal Plug Valves – Flanged, Threaded, and Welding End Std 600 Steel Gate Valves – Flanged or Butt–Welding Ends, Bolted and Pressure Seal Bonnets Std 602 Compact Steel Gate Valves – Flanged, Threaded, Welding and Extended Body Ends Std 603 Class 150, Cast, Corrosion–Resistant, Flanged End Gate Valves Std 608 Metal Ball Valves - Flanged, Threaded and Welding End

CoInafsletcatilo nA Prouinbta E nEgningeeirninege Prriancgtic Pesractices Valve Design and Selection Criteria 3.8 Flammable Liquids - Per NFPA 30, a liquid having a flash point below 100°F and having a vapor pressure not exceeding 40 psia at 100°F is known as a Class I liquid. Class I liquids are subdivided as follows: 3.9 Flammable materials - Flammable liquids; hydrocarbon vapors; and other vapors, such as hydrogen and carbon disulfide, that are readily ignitable when released to atmosphere. 3.10 General Service - Applications for valves other than onstream equipment isolation, product segregation to prevent contamination, or segregation for safety. These included process cooling water, burner piping (at burners), and other services where special trim or type of gate for block valves is not required. Some typical examples are: utility connections to process lines or equipment; valves under safety valves; flushing and cleaning connections; and vents and drains. 3.11 Hydrogen Rich Service - A service defined as a combination of hydrogen partial pressure and temperature at or below the curve for carbon steel per Figure 1 of API Publication 941, latest edition, and with a hydrogen partial pressure greater than 100 psia. 3.12 Hydrogen Service - A service defined as a combination of hydrogen partial pressure and temperature above the curve for carbon steel per Figure 1 of API Publication 941, latest edition. 3.13 Inspector - A Coastal Aruba Refining Company appointed engineer or inspector. 3.14 Line Service Classification - Defines the design pressure, temperature, (or rating), material, and corrosion allowance of a piping system. 3.15 Lubricating Service - Is defined as a hydrocarbon service 68° API and heavier and other services which provide inherent lubricating qualities. Also, water, instrument air, and caustic. 3.16 Manufacturer - The recipient of a direct or indirect purchase order for materials and/or equipment. In this context, a direct order is one issued to a manufacturer by a contractor or the Owner. An indirect order is one issued to a manufacturer by a vendor (recipient of a direct order) for materials, fabricated components, or subassemblies. 3.17 Non–Dangerous Materials - As used herein, includes all materials not listed as Dangerous Materials above. 3.18 Non–Lubricating Service - Is defined as hydrocarbons lighter than 68° API, including vapor. Also steam, process air, and process gases are included in this category. 3.19 On–stream Equipment Isolation - An application referred to in this Practice to indicate the need for the isolation of equipment or a unit from service for the purpose of repairs, cleaning, inspection of that equipment while the remainder of the plant continues in operation. These services require that the valve, usually a gate, contain special trim to obtain greater assurances of tight shutoff. Equipment which usually falls into this category includes pumps, compressors, steam turbines, dryers, vessels, pressure relief valves and furnaces, which are provided with a spare or are able to be bypassed. Typical locations where onstream equipment isolation is required are: at spared equipment and equipment capable of being bypassed; at process unit limits; and at tankage. Depending on design conditions and fluid service, either one or two blocks valves are required for this application. 3.20 Owner - Coastal Aruba Refining Company. 3.21 Owner’s Engineer - A Coastal Aruba Refining Company appointed engineer.

CoInafsletcatilo nA Prouinbta E nEgningeeirninege Prriancgtic Pesractices Valve Design and Selection Criteria 6.7 (*)Unless otherwise specified by the Owner’s Engineer, valves NPS 2 and smaller shall have socket welded ends. Socket weld end valves shall be supplied as follows: 1) Metal seated valves in all services regardless of PWHT requirements can be supplied without nipples. PWHT, if required, shall be in accordance with EP 5–5–2. 2) Soft seated valves which are in services that require post weld heat treatment (PWHT) of the socket weld shall have 6 inch long nipples welded into the sockets, and shall be heat treated prior to final valve assembly. The nipple material shall be suitable for the line service classification. This requirement must be specified on the appropriate valve data sheet by the Purchaser. 3) Soft seated valves which are in services that do not require PWHT can be supplied without nipples. 6.8 (*)Valves NPS 3 and larger inches shall be flanged, except valves in ASME/ANSI Class 600 steam service shall have buttwelding ends. The use of welding end valves for services other than steam must be approved by the Owner’s Engineer. 6.9 (*)Approved integrally reinforced extended body gate valves are preferred for valve connections NPS 2 and smaller, and shall be used instead of gate valve–plus–nipple assemblies if available in the required materials and ASME/ANSI pressure ratings. 6.10 (*)Carbon steel and low-alloy steel gate valves greater than NPS 2 shall have welded-in seats or seal-weld threaded seats. It is preferred that carbon steel and low–alloy steel gate, globe, and angle valves have seat rings welded into the body. If the seat rings are not hard faced and welded into the body, they shall be solid alloy. All welding procedures are subject to approval of the Owner’s Engineer. 6.11 (*)In services where zero stem leakage is required, consideration should be given to bellows– sealed valves. Their use requires approval from the Owner’s Engineer. 6.12 (*)Ductile iron valves shall be used only in water service. Cast iron gate and check valves may be used in firewater systems where UL/FM approval is required. Cast iron air vent and vacuum valves may be used in low pressure water and sewer service subject to approval by the Owner’s Engineer. The use of cast iron valves in all other services is prohibited. 6.13 Low melting point alloy valves, such as brass or bronze, shall not be used for services in which failure of the valve in a fire would prevent flow to any process pump, steam header, or emergency steam line.

CoInafsletcatilo nA Prouinbta E nEgningeeirninege Prriancgtic Pesractices Valve Design and Selection Criteria 6.14 (*)Venturi or smaller than line size valves (with reducers) may be used instead of full port valves of the following criteria is satisfied. The use of venturi or smaller than line size valves is subject to the approval of the Owner’s Engineer. 1) The increased pressure drop is considered in the design of the piping. 2) The reduced section modulus is considered in the piping flexibility design. 3) Such valves are not used in horizontal lines sloped for continuous draining. 4) Drains are installed at all additional low points caused by the installation of such valves. 5) They are not used in erosive applications such as slurries, fluidized solids, or severe fouling, caking, or coking services. 6) They are not used in lines specified to be mechanically cleaned or “pigged”. 7) They are not used as block valves associated with pressure relief devices and flare pipe headers. 8) They are not to be used at pressure relief valve inlets or outlets. 6.15 The following limitations apply to Wafer and Wafer–Lug Type Valves: 1) For design temperature > 950F(cid:31) wafer valves shall not be used. This limitation does not apply to wafer–lug–valves. 2) Wafer and wafer–lug valves shall not be used as the first block valve against storage tanks or vessels containing dangerous materials. 3) For design temperature > 400F(cid:31) the body material of wafer and through–drilled wafer–lug valves shall have the same nominal coefficient of thermal expansion as the bolting material and adjacent flanges. 4) Wafer Valves shall have a fire protection shield in accordance with EP 11–2–2. This requirement does not apply to wafer–lug valves. 6.16 The following limitations apply to soft seated ball, plug and butterfly valves: 1) Fire–safe type ball, plug, or butterfly valves shall be used for all non–Utility Fluid Services regardless of operating temperature. 2) Fire–safe type ball and plug valves may be used in dangerous materials services except as block valves to the atmosphere, or the first block valves for the holdup of large volumes of fluids. 3) Fire–safe type butterfly valves may be used in dangerous material services, and other process and general services subject to the following limitations: • They shall not be used as block valves to the atmosphere. • They shall not be used as the first block valves for the holdup of large volumes of fluids. • The design shall be bi–directional, or shall meet the design temperatures and pressures specified for the preferred and non–preferred flow directions, respectively. • Where double block and bleed capability is specified, the installation shall consist of two valves with a spool piece and bleed valve between. 4) Soft seated valves must pass both the through body and external leakage requirements per the current edition of API 607. 6.17 Valves for operating temperatures less than -150°F shall have an extended bonnet so that the packing gland is removed from the cold zone to insure proper packing protection. Extended bonnets shall not be insulated.

CoInafsletcatilo nA Prouinbta E nEgningeeirninege Prriancgtic Pesractices Valve Design and Selection Criteria 8.2.4 Metal–seated ball valves; or two metal–seated butterfly valves are acceptable for use as EBV’s under the following conditions: 1) High–temperature stem packing and seats are used. 2) Valves are tested to comply with the allowable leakage rates of API 598 for metal–seated gate valves. 3) Ball valves are provided with a body bleed valve; and double butterfly valve installations are provided with a bleed valve (between the valves). 8.2.5 Soft seated fire–safe type ball plug, or butterfly valves are permitted for use as EBV’s in areas where there is only a remote chance of fire. (For example: valves located at the shore end of a marine pier at a minimum distance of 100 ft. from the source of a potential leak.) 8.2.6 Unless otherwise specified, EBV’s designated as Type 2 that are size NPS 10 and larger or that are rated above ASME/ANSI B16.5 Class 300, regardless of size, shall be motor actuated. This criteria also applies to Battery Limit (BL) valves if they are in dangerous material services. 8.2.7 Chainwheel operation is not permitted. 8.2.8 Additional requirements for EBV’s are provided in EP 3–3–1. 8.3 A single bleed valve, plugged, capped, blinded, or piped to a safe location when specified, shall be provided for all required applications. Except for the exclusions listed in paragraph 8.4 of this Practice, bleed valves shall be located as follows: 8.3.1 Between all double valves. 8.3.2 For pressure relieving (PR) devices: 1) Between the PR device and the inlet block valve. 2) Between the PR device and the outlet block valve when the PR device discharges to a vessel, or to pressurized piping other than a flare pipe header. 3) When a manually operated bleeder valve is used for overpressure protection against liquid thermal expansion, the valve shall be installed on the cooler side of all shell–and–tube and double pipe heat exchangers. 8.3.3 On the block valve body (position G or H, ASME/ANSI 816.34 Figure 1 for gate valves), for the following valves NPS 3 and larger: 1) Soft seated gate, plug, and ball valves. 2) Double disc gate valves. 3) Buttwelding end valves. 4) All other valves not listed in the next paragraph (8.3.4). 8.3.4 Between the block valve and the associated equipment item for the following service conditions and valves. A drain valve already specified in this location, and not piped to a closed drain system, is sufficient to meet the requirement. 1) ASME/ANSI Class 150 and 300 rating block valves used for Onstream Equipment Isolation for Non–Dangerous Fluid Service with a design temperature less than or equal to 100°F, see Table 5. 2) ASME/ANSI Class 150 and 300 rating block valves used for General Services with a design temperature less than or equal to 1000°F. 3) All butterfly valves. 4) All block valves NPS 1–1/2 and smaller.

CoInafsletcatilo nA Prouinbta E nEgningeeirninege Prriancgtic Pesractices Valve Design and Selection Criteria TABLE 1 (CONTINUED) APPLICABLE APPLICABLE SIZE COASTAL RECOM FITTING INDUSTRY RANGE RATING ARUBA VALVES SIZE LIMIT STANDARD STAN (6 D ) ARD INC (1 H ) ES INCHES (CLASS) (3) R R E E F F I I N N I I N N G G PRACTICE BODY TYPE MATERIAL Check, Wafer Steel API 594 (5) ≤48 150-2500 B16.5, EP 5–3–8 (2) B16.47 Check, Bronze MSS SP–80 3/4-3 ≤2 125-350 B16.15, (9) Swing/Lift/Ball B16.24 Plug, Lubricated/Nonlub Steel API–599 1-36 ≤36 150-2500 B16.5, EP 5–3–9 (2) B16.47 ricated Plug Ductile Iron API–599 1-36 ≤36 150-300 B16.42 EP 5–3–9 Ball, Hard/Soft Steel API–608 1-24 ≤24 150-2500 B16.5 EP 5–3–10 Seat (2) Butterfly, Hydro– Steel API–609 2-24 ≤24 150-600 B16.5 EP 5–3–11 carbon Service B 16.1, B16.5, Butterfly, Utility (12) API 609/ 2-48 ≤48 150-300 B16.24, EP 5–3–12 Service MSS–SP–67 B16.42, B16.47 Double Flanged High Performance Rotary Valves for Steel API 609 2-24 ≤24 150-600 B16.5 EP 5–3–20 Hydrocarbon Service FCCU Slide Steel ASME/ANSI 12-84 ≤84 — B16.5, EP 5–3–19 Valves B16.34 (7) B16.47 Flue Gas Valves Steel ASME/ANSI 12-84 ≤84 — B16.5, EP 5–3–18 B16.34 B16.47 ASME B & Pressure Relief Steel PV Code (7) 1-12 ≤12 150-2500 B16.5 EP 5–3–14 Valves (11) Control Valves Steel ASME/ANSI 1/2-16 ≤12 150-2500 B16.5 EP 5–3–17 B16.34 (7)

CoInafsletcatilo nA Prouinbta E nEgningeeirninege Prriancgtic Pesractices Valve Design and Selection Criteria TABLE 1 (CONTINUED) NOTES: (1) Varies significantly depending on material rating. Listed size represents maximum regularly produced by one or more Manufacturers for Class 150 and 300 carbon steel. Larger sizes always available on special order basis. (2) Rating may be limited by pressure/temperature limits of soft–seat material, refer to Manufacturer’s Standard. (3) Valves normally produced to be compatible with the pressure/temperature ratings of the indicated ASME/ANSI OR ANSI fitting standard. (4) Note that the pressure ratings shown in the API 603 standard are less than those in ASME/ANSI B16.5 for Class 150. Also, the API 603 ratings are only for valves. (5) Valves in sizes: 2” through 12” available in all ratings; 14” through 18” available through class 900 rating: and 20” through 48” available through class 300 rating. (6) ASME/ANSI B16.34 wall thickness may be specified for steel or CRA (Corrosion Resistant Alloy) valves with corrosion allowances 1/8 inch. When another standard also applies, both can be referenced, e.g., Class 300 nickel alloy gate valve per API 600 except wall thickness per ASME/ANSI B16.34. (7) Trim material per API 600. (8) Trim material per API 594. (9) Valve shall be purchased to the applicable Industry Standard. (10) Trim material per API 600. If Class 800 is specified for carbon steel valves, the minimum body thickness shall be as specified in API 602. (11) Pressure Relief Valves shall be designed in accordance with the ASME Pressure Vessel Code, Section I, Section VIII, Division 1 or Section VIII, Division 2, as applicable, and API Standard 526. (12) Materials include steel, ductile iron and bronze.

CoInafsletcatilo nA Prouinbta E nEgningeeirninege Prriancgtic Pesractices Valve Design and Selection Criteria TABLE 4 (CONTINUED) BLOCK VALVE REQUIREMENTS APPLICATION Fluid Max. Fluid Number of Wedge Design Design Valves (Any for Gate Valve Temperature, Type) and ASME/ANSI Rating Class GENERAL SERVICES, such as at: T ≤ 400°F and Single (1) 1. Utility Connections to Piping and Rating ≤ 300 Equipment 2. Pressure Relieving Systems including Relief Valve Bypass Lines 3. Control and Protective System T ≤ 1000°F and Single (2) Any Solid or flexible Valve Station bypasses over NPS 2 Rating ≤ 300 4. Process cooling water 5. Vents, Drains, Flushing and Cleaning Connections Either Double (7) T> 1000°F 6. Burner Piping for Fired Heaters and or Rating ≥ 600 Boilers NOTES: (1) A single soft seated gate, plug or ball valve with a body bleed installed per this Practice. Alternatively, a single metal seated valve or, if approved by the Owner’s Engineer, two fire–safe butterfly valves with a bleed valve arrangement per this Practice are permitted in cases where an economic advantage can be realized. (2) (*) A single metal seated gate, plug or ball valve. (3) A single metal seated gate, plug or ball valve with a body bleed installed per this Practice. Alternatively, two (2) valves with metal seats and a bleed valve arrangement per this Practice are permitted in cases where an economic advantage can be realized. (4) (*)Applies for onstream equipment isolation and sample outlet piping only. The number of block valves for other slurry services shall be the same as for non–slurry service based on specific applications per this table. (5) Valve NPS 2 and smaller may be of the solid wedge type. (6) Valves cycling 10 times or more a year shall have wedge guides hard faced with CoCr–A. (7) A single block valve shall be used with a blind for flanged connections. When specified by the Owner’s Engineer, a single block valve with a plug may be used if these connections are only used during commissioning and decommissioning when the equipment is at low temperature and pressure (a pressure and temperature combination within the limits of an ASME B16.5 Class 300 rating). These connections shall be noted on the relevant P&ID.

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