Calculators
Steam Line Sizing
Saturated-steam pipe sizing per Crane TP-410 and Spirax Sarco short-form correlation. Sweeps Sch 40 NPS 1″–12″ and recommends the smallest pipe that satisfies both the velocity limit and the pressure-drop limit. Saturated steam properties from NIST IAPWS-IF97 with linear interpolation.
Method: Velocity V = W·vg / (3600·A) per Crane TP-410 §3-5 with W in lb/hr, vg in ft³/lb, A in ft². Pressure drop ΔP/100 ft = 0.000131·W1.85 / (ρ·D5) per Spirax Sarco short-form for saturated steam in commercial steel, turbulent flow, with D in inches, ρ in lb/ft³, W in lb/hr. Accuracy ±15% for D ≥ 1″ and V < 200 ft/s. For superheated or wet-steam service use full Darcy-Weisbach with NIST/CoolProp properties. Pipe IDs are Sch 40 per ASME B36.10M-2022. Velocity guidance: process supply 80–120 ft/s, distribution 100–175 ft/s, exhaust 50–75 ft/s. Above 300 psig or 600 °F, confirm allowable stress and pipe schedule per ASME B31.1 Table A-1. Saturation properties interpolated from a NIST IAPWS-IF97 table at 14.696, 25, 50, 75, 100, 125, 150, 165, 200, 250, 300, 400 psia. References: Crane Technical Paper TP-410 (2018); Spirax Sarco "Steam & Condensate Loop" Ch.10; ASME B31.1-2022 Power Piping; ASME B36.10M-2022; NIST IAPWS-IF97.
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